I-Ferrochrome, nomai-ferrochromium(I-FeCr) iwuhlobo lwe-ferroalloy, okungukuthi, ingxubevange ye-chromium nensimbi, ngokuvamile equkethe 50 kuya ku-70% we-chromium ngesisindo.

I-Ferrochrome ikhiqizwa ukuncishiswa kwe-chromite kagesi arc carbothermic.Iningi lomkhiqizo womhlaba wonke likhiqizwa eNingizimu Afrika, eKazakhstan naseNdiya, anezinsiza ezinkulu ze-chromite zasekhaya.Amanani akhuphukayo aqhamuka eRussia naseChina.Ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi, ikakhulukazi leyo yensimbi engagqwali enokuqukethwe kwe-chromium ka-10 kuya ku-20%, ingumthengi omkhulu kanye nokusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kwe-ferrochrome.

Ukusetshenziswa

Ngaphezu kwama-80% omhlabai-ferrochromeisetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni insimbi engagqwali.Ngo-2006, kwakhiqizwa i-28 Mt yensimbi engagqwali.Insimbi engagqwali incike ku-chromium ngokubukeka kwayo kanye nokumelana nokugqwala.Isilinganiso sokuqukethwe kwe-chrome kunsimbi engagqwali cishe.18%.Ibuye isetshenziselwe ukwengeza i-chromium ensimbi ye-carbon.I-FeCr yaseNingizimu Afrika, eyaziwa ngokuthi “i-chrome yokushaja” futhi ekhiqizwa ku-Cr equkethe insimbi enekhabhoni ephansi, isetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni insimbi engagqwali.Kungenjalo, i-carbon FeCr ephezulu ekhiqizwe ngensimbi yezinga eliphezulu etholakala e-Kazakhstan (phakathi kwezinye izindawo) isetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezikhethekile ezifana nezinsimbi zobunjiniyela lapho isilinganiso esiphezulu se-Cr/Fe kanye namazinga amancane ezinye izakhi (sulphur, phosphorus, titanium njll.) .) zibalulekile futhi ukukhiqizwa kwezinsimbi eziqediwe kwenzeka kuma-arc amancane kagesi uma kuqhathaniswa neziqhumane ezinkulu.

Ukukhiqiza

Ukukhiqizwa kwe-Ferrochrome empeleni kuwumsebenzi wokunciphisa i-carbothermic okwenzeka emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.I-Chromium ore (i-oxide ye-Cr ne-Fe) incishiswa ngamalahle ne-coke ukuze kwakheke ingxubevange ye-iron-chromium.Ukushisa kwalokhu kusabela kungavela ezinhlotsheni ezimbalwa, kodwa ngokuvamile ku-arc kagesi eyakhiwe phakathi kwamathiphu ama-electrode ngaphansi kwesithando somlilo neziko.Le arc idala amazinga okushisa angaba ngu-2,800 °C (5,070 °F).Enqubweni yokuncibilikisa, kusetshenziswa amanani amakhulu kagesi, okwenza ukukhiqizwa kubize kakhulu emazweni lapho izindleko zikagesi ziphezulu.

Ukuthepha impahla evela esithandweni kwenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile.Uma i-ferrochrome eyanele encibilikisiwe inqwabelene eziko, imbobo yompompi iyavulwa futhi umfudlana wensimbi encibilikisiwe kanye ne-slag egeleza phansi ngomkhombe ibe ukubandayo noma i-ladle.I-Ferrochrome iyaqina ekubunjweni okukhulu okuchotshozwa ukuze kudayiswe noma kuqhutshekwe kucutshungulwe.

I-Ferrochrome ngokuvamile ihlukaniswa ngenani lekhabhoni ne-chrome equkethe.Iningi le-FeCr elikhiqizwayo “liyi-chrome yokushaja” evela eNingizimu Afrika, kanti ikhabhoni ephezulu iba ingxenye yesibili ngobukhulu ilandelwa imikhakha emincane yekhabhoni ephansi kanye ne-intermediate carbon material.